The purpose of this study was to determine the quality of the field of using the COMPUTER, its effectiveness as well as the barriers to using it in learning processes from the viewpoints of teachers. This non-experimental study was descriptive that the statistical population consisted of all secondary school teachers in Tehran, district 3 in the academic year 2012-2013. And finally, the sample size was 90 people selected by random sampling. For collecting data, a researcher-made questionnaire with a Likert scale and validity of 85/0 was used. Then data were analyzed by one-way t-test, independent t-test, one-way variance analysis, Tukey and Pearson correlation using SPSS software. The results showed the teachers believed that there is no appropriate contex and field to use COMPUTERs in schools, but if the desired conditions are set, the effectiveness of training with COMPUTERs would be high; and also teachers reported high barriers to using COMPUTERs. In addition, there was no significant difference between the viewpoints of male and female teachers about the use of COMPUTERs, the effectiveness of COMPUTER as an intermediary in training, and the barriers to using COMPUTER as a training medium. Moreover, teachers who had more experience claimed considerably the barriers of using COMPUTER as educational media than teachers with less than teaching backgrounds. From teachers’ viewpoints with Ph. D. degree, the contex of COMPUTERs’ USAGE in schools and the effectiveness of COMPUTER as an intermediary in training had been evaluated at a more desirable level.

The present study aimed to explore the role of organizational support, COMPUTER experience, COMPUTER anxiety and COMPUTER self efficacy in predicting COMPUTER implementation among the experts of University of Tehran. In doing so, conceptual model of research has been designed and suggested using TAM model (Technology Acceptance Model) and theoretical and empirical literature has been used. In order to analyze data, path analyze was used. Findings showed that COMPUTER experience had direct and positive impact on COMPUTER implementation and also had direct and negative impact on COMPUTER anxiety, in other hand, organizational support had direct and negative impact on COMPUTER self efficacy, and in the same time had not direct and negative impact on COMPUTER anxiety.Also, COMPUTER self efficacy hadn’t any impact on COMPUTER anxiety and COMPUTER implementation, but COMPUTER anxiety had direct and negative impact on COMPUTER implementation. Furthermore, findings showed that only COMPUTER experience had indirect impact on COMPUTER implementation and this impact has been down by COMPUTER self efficacy.In other words, COMPUTER self efficacy had a mediator role between COMPUTER experience and COMPUTER implementation. Finally, the findings showed that the model has a good fitness with research data, and it can explain 20 percent of COMPUTER implementation variance.

This research has been conducted with the aim of studying relations among constructs of the Technology Acceptance Model, COMPUTER self-efficacy and COMPUTER anxiety. For this purpose a sample of 133 first term students studying for their Junior college degrees in COMPUTER sciences were selected through the cluster random sampling method and administered a 25 item questionnaire after six weeks of training. Results showed that the model had suitable fitting with the data and the direct effect of COMPUTER self efficacy on perceived ease in COMPUTER use and actual COMPUTER USAGE is positive and significant. Also, the direct effect of COMPUTER anxiety on perceived usefulness of the COMPUTER is negative and significant and on perceived ease of COMPUTER USAGE is negative but not significant. Results have confirmed some aspects of the mentioned model. The important role COMPUTER self-efficacy and COMPUTER anxiety maintain in COMPUTER actual USAGE by users is also confirmed.

is an important attribute for software quality that can play a significant role in improving user experience. Various methods have been proposed for evaluating the usability of software systems. Selecting a proper method for collecting information and evaluating the usability of a software application is a challenge due to the variety of methods, and consequently the time and cost required for their implementation. In this paper, ease of use is considered as a subset of usability and it is defined as the user’ s effort to perform a task in the software application. We evaluate ease of use based on two methods; questionnaire and users’ performance in an empirical study and compare the results of these two methods. In this way, two different versions of an online store application with similar functionalities are produced and the users are asked to perform specific operations in the application and then answer questions regarding the ease of use of various software functionalities. During the experience, the interactions between user and the software are logged and consequently the user’ s performance is measured based on the successful completion of the operation, the time of the task completion, the number of steps taken by the user, the number of errors, and the time taken to fix the error. These criteria have been selected based on observable criteria and ease of use measurement in relevant research. The results of this study is based on the data of 48 applicants except one of the functionalities which has been expanded to 70 applicants in order to achieve adequate level of confidence. Our results indicate that the evaluation of the questionnaire does not correlate with the performance of users in the measured criteria. In some functions, the performance of the users in two versions of the application do not have a significant difference, but their views are significantly different in the questionnaire. On the other hand, in some other functions, the performance of the users in two versions has a significant difference but the results of the questionnaire does not show a significant difference. Verifying the performance of each user with the results of his/her questionnaire does not indicate correlation between these two methods results. Also, according to the results of this study, the honesty of users in the questionnaire evaluation can be questioned, since 80% of the users who have not performed a functionality rated it higher than good in the questionnaire.

Surgical and prosthodontic implant complications are often the case of inadvertent improper diagnosis, planning, and placement. These complications always pose a significant challenge in implant dentistry. In this article, it is attempted to depict a new technique in which advanced software program along with newly developed CAD/CAM technology called rapid prototyping will be used. This technology permits graphic and complex 3D nimplant simulation and then fabrication of COMPUTER-generated surgical templates. The best position of implants planned at first by taking into consideration of encased bone density of each implants and then existing occlusion. In this paper, the evolution of COMPUTER Guided Implantology and the many benefits achieved from this very sophisticated technology described as a literature review.

Background: Use of COMPUTER has been increased during the recent years. There are numerous factors affecting COMPUTER use in different organizations, while user’s involvement is among the most common influencing issues. The aim of the present study was to assess the relationship between COMPUTER user involvement and COMPUTER attitude and anxiety in community health centers. Materials and methods: It was a descriptive study. Totally, 319 nurses and staff working in community health centers were included. Data were collected using a questionnaire composed of 3 parts: COMPUTER users' involvement, attitude towards the COMPUTER, and COMPUTER anxiety. Results: Results showed that most of the respondents, 86.8% were women and 11.6% were men. Most of the male candidates (42.9%) aged 45-54 years while most of the females (42.1%) aged 35-44 years. Users' involvement induce a positive attitude towards the COMPUTER (p<0.0001). Indeed, users' involvement could increase positive attitude toward COMPUTER for patient care and patient confidentiality and can reduce COMPUTER anxiety (p<0.05). Results have revealed that in the pretest analysis, most of the subjects had a moderate attitude and knowledge, however, following the education, most of the cases acquired suitable attitude and knowledge (p<0.001), while the differences among controls were not statistically significant. Conclusion: For providing successful implementation and development of COMPUTERized information systems, user’s involvement is an important issue. Therefore, this factor should be considered by managers.